Carrier: Classic Antitrust/IP Scholarship

The next contribution to the Classic Patent Scholarship Project is from Professor Michael Carrier (Rutgers Camden), a leading expert on the intersection of IP and antitrust. His impressive scholarly portfolio includes the influential Unraveling the Patent-Antitrust Paradox, which was cited by the Supreme Court in Bilski and (perhaps less notably) summarized on this blog two years ago. For a thoughtful overview of how patents, copyright, and antitrust can work together to foster innovation, I also highly recommend his 2009 book, Innovation for the 21st Century: Harnessing the Power of Intellectual Property and Antitrust Law (download the introduction or check out this excellent symposium).

Professor Carrier recently selected 14 of the most important articles and book chapters on the intersection of antitrust and IP for the edited volume Intellectual Property and Competition; below he has supplemented this list with some additional works. Many of these pieces are past my (arbitrary) 2000 cutoff for "classic works," so I will only add the older ones to my compiled list, but I think this post will be an excellent starting point for scholars who want to delve into this important field.

History

• Herbert J. Hovenkamp, The Conflict Between Antitrust and Intellectual Property Rights, in The Antitrust Enterprise: Principle and Execution 249-76 (2005).

New Economy

• Richard A. Posner, Antitrust Law 245-56 (2d ed. 2001).
• Robert Pitofsky, Antitrust and Intellectual Property: Unresolved Issues at the Heart of the New Economy, 16 Berkeley Tech. L.J. 535 (2001).

Comprehensive Frameworks

• William F. Baxter, Legal Restrictions on Exploitation of the Patent Monopoly: An Economic Analysis, 76 Yale L.J. 267 (1966).
• Ward S. Bowman, Jr., Patent and Antitrust Law: A Legal and Economic Appraisal 1-14 (1973).
• Louis Kaplow, The Patent-Antitrust Intersection: A Reappraisal, 97 Harv. L. Rev. 1813 (1984).
• Michael A. Carrier, Unraveling the Patent-Antitrust Paradox, 150 U. Pa. L. Rev. 761 (2002).

Unilateral refusals to license

• Herbert Hovenkamp, Mark D. Janis and Mark A. Lemley, Unilateral Refusals to License, 2(1) J. Comp. L. & Econ. 1 (2006). [Non-paywalled version here.]

Patent pools

• Carl Shapiro, Navigating the Patent Thicket: Cross Licenses, Patent Pools, and Standard Setting, in 1 Innovation Policy and the Economy 1190-250 (Adam Jaffe, Joshua Lerner & Scott Stern eds., 2000).
• Robert P. Merges, Institutions for Intellectual Property Transactions: The Case of Patent Pools, in Expanding the Boundaries of Intellectual Property: Innovation Policy for the Knowledge Society, 123-66 (Rochelle Cooper Dreyfuss, Diane Leenheer Zimmermann & Harry First eds., 2001).

Innovation markets

• Michael A. Carrier, Two Puzzles Resolved: Of The Schumpeter-Arrow Stalemate and Pharmaceutical Innovation Markets, 93 Iowa L. Rev. 393 (2008).
• Arti K. Rai, Fostering Cumulative Innovation in the Biopharmaceutical Industry: The Role of Patents and Antitrust, 16 Berkeley Tech. L.J. 813 (2001).
• Richard J. Gilbert & Steven C. Sunshine, Incorporating Dynamic Efficiency Concerns in Merger Analysis: The Use of Innovation Markets, 63 Antitrust L.J. 569 (1995).

Standard setting organizations

• Mark A. Lemley, Intellectual Property Rights and Standard Setting Organizations, 90 Calif. L. Rev. 1889 (2002).

Settlements

• C. Scott Hemphill, Paying for Delay: Pharmaceutical Patent Settlement as a Regulatory Design Problem, 81 N.Y.U. L. Rev. 1553 (2006).
• C. Scott Hemphill & Mark A. Lemley, Earning Exclusivity: Generic Drug Incentives and the Hatch-Waxman Act, 77 Antitrust L.J. 947 (2011).

Patent Trolls

• Michael A. Carrier, Patent Assertion Entities: Six Actions the Antitrust Agencies Can Take, CPI Antitrust Chronicle, Jan. 2013 (2).
• Mark S. Popofsky & Michael D. Laufert, Patent Assertion Entities and Antitrust: Operating Company Patent Transfers, 12 Antitrust Source, Apr. 2013.